Peru is a country of exceptional natural diversity, endowed with a multitude of natural resources and treasures, such as two of the world’s deepest canyons (Cotahuasi and Colca Canyon) and the highest navigable lake (Lake Titicaca). The Andes mountains hold a central position in its geography, profoundly influencing the climate, topography, flora, and fauna. The...
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The Struggle for Peru’s Independence
The abdication of King Charles IV and the subsequent deposition of Ferdinand VII in 1808 sparked independence movements across Spain’s South American colonies. In Peru, these ideas had been preceded by major rebellions such as that of Juan Santos Atahualpa, who proclaimed himself Inca in 1742, and especially Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the...